Saeed Urrehman August 25, 2001
#97 Posted by Gowardhan on September 13, 2001 7:19:06 pm
My response for anny got eaten up by chowk. Happy that Zafar and anny made up :-)
I only fight with people who are either evil or hyocrites. Anny doesnt appear to be either. She may hate me as much as makes her happy.
I only fight with people who are either evil or hyocrites. Anny doesnt appear to be either. She may hate me as much as makes her happy.
#96 Posted by anNy on September 13, 2001 7:31:31 am
zafar saab:
``please muaf kariye``
since ure being such a doll about this, maaf kya :0)
``please muaf kariye``
since ure being such a doll about this, maaf kya :0)
#95 Posted by ZafarA on September 12, 2001 8:35:01 am
Reply anNy #100
You put it so well that I feel I should quote yourself to you:
``...woman and god(s) must not be brought into these things...``
Now please muaf kariye. Like everyone else I`m still worried about family and silent chowkies in the NY/DC area.
Be well,
Zafar
You put it so well that I feel I should quote yourself to you:
``...woman and god(s) must not be brought into these things...``
Now please muaf kariye. Like everyone else I`m still worried about family and silent chowkies in the NY/DC area.
Be well,
Zafar
#94 Posted by farangi_kush on September 11, 2001 12:19:48 pm
shirin Ahmed:#101
Shirin sahiba,
Thank you.
Well I have been using S.C in the past.It is only this time I`m stumped,for whatever reason.
True to your name I`ve been a silent beneficiery of such Sukhanie.Means something when one is trying to negotiate through Cactii and accacia.
``Surkhee e lubb sey phir aye khusro e shirin dehana
Aaj urzaaN ho koyee hurf shanaasai kaa``
dua aur pyaar
WASSALAAM.
Shirin sahiba,
Thank you.
Well I have been using S.C in the past.It is only this time I`m stumped,for whatever reason.
True to your name I`ve been a silent beneficiery of such Sukhanie.Means something when one is trying to negotiate through Cactii and accacia.
``Surkhee e lubb sey phir aye khusro e shirin dehana
Aaj urzaaN ho koyee hurf shanaasai kaa``
dua aur pyaar
WASSALAAM.
#93 Posted by saminashah on September 11, 2001 10:24:17 am
Ali
For the record, you are not the munhoos admi either, ``foul mouthed cow`` remark wihtstanding.
For the record, you are not the munhoos admi either, ``foul mouthed cow`` remark wihtstanding.
#92 Posted by Godot on September 11, 2001 9:50:03 am
Re: anNy, #85
Thank you, anNy, for defending me. At times I get very disgusted by the level to which some of the inter-actors so quickly descend. But, as the saying goes, ``Throw a rock in filth and your own clothes will get dirty.`` So I`ve vowed to stay away from those who cannot pull themselves out of the sewer.
Every time I feel like quitting Chowk in disgust, someone as decent and as nice as you comes along and makes me stay. Thanks again.
Thank you, anNy, for defending me. At times I get very disgusted by the level to which some of the inter-actors so quickly descend. But, as the saying goes, ``Throw a rock in filth and your own clothes will get dirty.`` So I`ve vowed to stay away from those who cannot pull themselves out of the sewer.
Every time I feel like quitting Chowk in disgust, someone as decent and as nice as you comes along and makes me stay. Thanks again.
#91 Posted by saminashah on September 11, 2001 9:50:03 am
Godot,
I am sorry, but you are not the munhoos admi I was reffering to. But I guess this is what happens when you are female, talking to Hindus, Commies, Christians, Jains, Sikhs, Zoroastrians, Feminists, Ahmadis,Buddhists, Secularists, males, and the rest of the world, and you lose your temper after the local fundo half wits feel the need to force themselves or comment on your interactions. Sorry for the misunderstanding.
(Why am I the only person involved in this child`s game, that apologises?)
Ali1
You are endlessly charming and apparently coated with some impenetrable form of Teflon! This is fortunate; you will need protection when your looks will inevitably fail to please and that meager supply of intelligence completely runs out. Still wont take responsibility for the spinster and Hindoo bhindidick comments, na? Typical...all charm and no substance...
I am sorry, but you are not the munhoos admi I was reffering to. But I guess this is what happens when you are female, talking to Hindus, Commies, Christians, Jains, Sikhs, Zoroastrians, Feminists, Ahmadis,Buddhists, Secularists, males, and the rest of the world, and you lose your temper after the local fundo half wits feel the need to force themselves or comment on your interactions. Sorry for the misunderstanding.
(Why am I the only person involved in this child`s game, that apologises?)
Ali1
You are endlessly charming and apparently coated with some impenetrable form of Teflon! This is fortunate; you will need protection when your looks will inevitably fail to please and that meager supply of intelligence completely runs out. Still wont take responsibility for the spinster and Hindoo bhindidick comments, na? Typical...all charm and no substance...
#90 Posted by ShirinAhmed on September 11, 2001 9:50:03 am
Farangi_Kush,# 84
Thank u for your kind words. The best way to interract on speakers corner ... which i have learned merely through trial and error is to ... scroll down on speakers page till you hit the interract box. Type and submit .Hope it works :)
Regards,
sa:)
Thank u for your kind words. The best way to interract on speakers corner ... which i have learned merely through trial and error is to ... scroll down on speakers page till you hit the interract box. Type and submit .Hope it works :)
Regards,
sa:)
#89 Posted by anNy on September 11, 2001 9:50:03 am
zafarsaaab:
(“…I know as many galliz as the next person…”
I’m sure you do. But (like most interactors) you don’t use them on Chowk. Wby not?)
because its bad manners to do so and i have a politeness problem..im working on it ALRIGHT?
(“so tell me zafarsahab, whyre u picking on him? Doesn’t saxena talk like this sometimes? Didnt siraaj? Doesn’t harimau always? Whats with this condescending tone?”
Have any of the people you mentioned ever used gaalis towards you?...)
has ali sworn at me? no he hasn`t...ali has dissed some indians just like saxena has on another board pakistanis and mr.gowy has repeatedly muslims and the prophet and islam (we wont even go into siraj`s case)...when was it the last time you told them off or called them kumn aqal? would you like me to copy paste some such derogatory posts to prove my point? i can skip school tomorrow and do that if you like...u must be fair zafarsaab
ali:
hullo again o-sunshine of my life
very nice kikking again...but please keep mr.gowys daughters and grandma out of it..u may make as much fun of their anatomy as you like..woman and god(s) must not be brought into these things..
(“…I know as many galliz as the next person…”
I’m sure you do. But (like most interactors) you don’t use them on Chowk. Wby not?)
because its bad manners to do so and i have a politeness problem..im working on it ALRIGHT?
(“so tell me zafarsahab, whyre u picking on him? Doesn’t saxena talk like this sometimes? Didnt siraaj? Doesn’t harimau always? Whats with this condescending tone?”
Have any of the people you mentioned ever used gaalis towards you?...)
has ali sworn at me? no he hasn`t...ali has dissed some indians just like saxena has on another board pakistanis and mr.gowy has repeatedly muslims and the prophet and islam (we wont even go into siraj`s case)...when was it the last time you told them off or called them kumn aqal? would you like me to copy paste some such derogatory posts to prove my point? i can skip school tomorrow and do that if you like...u must be fair zafarsaab
ali:
hullo again o-sunshine of my life
very nice kikking again...but please keep mr.gowys daughters and grandma out of it..u may make as much fun of their anatomy as you like..woman and god(s) must not be brought into these things..
#88 Posted by ZafarA on September 11, 2001 3:29:38 am
Reply Drumz #95
``DRUMZ,just the spot you want to be in action.I tell you you can live at 1/5 the price & you Dont even have to invent a ganja snorting beef eating ,free SE *S espousing religion to go .Go to delhi & enjoy .``
YEAH! Then you can hang out and get high with Bhardwaj! Are your bags packed? Hello? HELLO?
``DRUMZ,just the spot you want to be in action.I tell you you can live at 1/5 the price & you Dont even have to invent a ganja snorting beef eating ,free SE *S espousing religion to go .Go to delhi & enjoy .``
YEAH! Then you can hang out and get high with Bhardwaj! Are your bags packed? Hello? HELLO?
#87 Posted by ZafarA on September 11, 2001 3:29:38 am
Reply Bapu #82
Baps
“You confused little rascal,you are too much engrossd in Hindutva to be worthy of benefit of doubt ,i gave you.I spared your remarks pitying you being a victim of Hindian haegonomy ,but now i realize that you are more of a DEVIL in the masl of AL TALIB confusing US.”
You DO care after all…..but what has the Great Satan got to do with it?
“Listen you self arrogarant journalists son ENDOWED as spoken by mohterima could be size of the breast ,complexion of skin,sexiness of vital statistics 36 24 36 ,ability to oral sex *,& all the kinky stuff in your English literature.”
I like my explanation better (it was also family friendly). But whatever you feel comfortable with.
Zafar
Baps
“You confused little rascal,you are too much engrossd in Hindutva to be worthy of benefit of doubt ,i gave you.I spared your remarks pitying you being a victim of Hindian haegonomy ,but now i realize that you are more of a DEVIL in the masl of AL TALIB confusing US.”
You DO care after all…..but what has the Great Satan got to do with it?
“Listen you self arrogarant journalists son ENDOWED as spoken by mohterima could be size of the breast ,complexion of skin,sexiness of vital statistics 36 24 36 ,ability to oral sex *,& all the kinky stuff in your English literature.”
I like my explanation better (it was also family friendly). But whatever you feel comfortable with.
Zafar
#86 Posted by ZafarA on September 11, 2001 3:29:38 am
Reply anNy #85
anNy
“…I know as many galliz as the next person…”
I’m sure you do. But (like most interactors) you don’t use them on Chowk. Wby not?
“so tell me zafarsahab, whyre u picking on him? Doesn’t saxena talk like this sometimes? Didnt siraaj? Doesn’t harimau always? Whats with this condescending tone?”
Have any of the people you mentioned ever used gaalis towards you? Why not? (Re: condescending, guilty as charged.)
Zafar
anNy
“…I know as many galliz as the next person…”
I’m sure you do. But (like most interactors) you don’t use them on Chowk. Wby not?
“so tell me zafarsahab, whyre u picking on him? Doesn’t saxena talk like this sometimes? Didnt siraaj? Doesn’t harimau always? Whats with this condescending tone?”
Have any of the people you mentioned ever used gaalis towards you? Why not? (Re: condescending, guilty as charged.)
Zafar
#85 Posted by ZafarA on September 11, 2001 3:29:38 am
Reply Ali1 #87
Ali1
“Thanks for your interpretation of ``unendowed``…”
Most welcome.
“I would be truly embarrassed if my posts are confused with your posts or with posts from Mr. Tansu Ciller or Mr. Samina Shah (if these gentlemen were to interact) or any of the hindoo bhindidicks on this board.”
Ouch! First half a sixer. The second half, well, it sounds like you had a traumatic experience with some okra when you were growing up. Accept my sympathies, but perhaps you should put it behind you now?
And what is with this “hindoo” thing? (That kind of thing, btw, is what I based my aql theory of unendowment on.)
Zafar
Ali1
“Thanks for your interpretation of ``unendowed``…”
Most welcome.
“I would be truly embarrassed if my posts are confused with your posts or with posts from Mr. Tansu Ciller or Mr. Samina Shah (if these gentlemen were to interact) or any of the hindoo bhindidicks on this board.”
Ouch! First half a sixer. The second half, well, it sounds like you had a traumatic experience with some okra when you were growing up. Accept my sympathies, but perhaps you should put it behind you now?
And what is with this “hindoo” thing? (That kind of thing, btw, is what I based my aql theory of unendowment on.)
Zafar
#84 Posted by tahmed321 on September 11, 2001 12:44:44 am
Eklavya #78 ``P.S.: Sometimes I write angry responses and delete them. ``
Reminds me of the time some years back and I sent out an angry email on a Friday evening, then cooled down and regretted sending it out, and spent the rest of the weekend calling up the system administrator at home (in those days that was still possible) begging him to delete the damn thing before anyone on the distribution got it. Believe it or not, the SA managed to not only find and delete the email, he also told me of the couple of chaps who had already read it so I could call them up on Monday to tell them it was a mistake...I think the solution to male hormones is ``Dont get mad, get passionate!``
Reminds me of the time some years back and I sent out an angry email on a Friday evening, then cooled down and regretted sending it out, and spent the rest of the weekend calling up the system administrator at home (in those days that was still possible) begging him to delete the damn thing before anyone on the distribution got it. Believe it or not, the SA managed to not only find and delete the email, he also told me of the couple of chaps who had already read it so I could call them up on Monday to tell them it was a mistake...I think the solution to male hormones is ``Dont get mad, get passionate!``
#83 Posted by Bhardwaj on September 11, 2001 12:44:44 am
Drug trade in India on a new high
DRUMZ,just the spot you want to be in action.I tell you you can live at 1/5 the price & you Dont even have to invent a ganja snorting beef eating ,free SE *S espousing religion to go .Go to delhi & enjoy .in case u didnt get ,its called real Manu Smiriti hinduism .youll it in.
SIDDHARTH SRIVASTAVA
TIMES NEWS NETWORK
EW DELHI: The arrest of hotelier Niraj Wadhera has re-emphasized that the drug scene in India is alive and kicking. While the lust for a high fuels the demand for drugs, greed for big bucks drives the supply.
The impact is multi-dimensional, though. Notes World Drug Report 2000: ``The drug problem has even broader implications for the spread of infectious diseases, corruption and financing of insurgents or terrorist groups.``
DOWNSIDE OF A HIGH
Everybody who does drugs knows the ``crash`` (after the high) can be a terrible thing. But not many realise that these new synthesised chemicals that make you race with raw energy often lead to bad highs (also called bum trips) that can totally psyche you up.
Nobody can put a finger on why bad trips happen. There can be a number of factors: overdosing without knowing it, cocktailing with alcohol or other drugs, adulteration with cheaper substances like chalk and baking soda, or even the emotional state while administering the drug. Says Dr Sanjay Chugh, who runs a de-addiction clinic in south Delhi: ``Very often I get frantic calls from people who can`t close their mouths, people who are seeing horrible visions, or people who have become deeply restless and anxious.`` The only thing to do then is perhaps administer some anti-psychotic drugs and ride out the effects by speaking to the person in a calm, reassuring voice.
It varies, but generally acid gives the worst trips, followed by ecstasy and then cocaine. Ecstasy, much like acid, has psychiatric effects that can lead to depression. Cocaine, on the other hand, usually becomes a bad trip when you overdose on it, or when it is mixed with drugs like methamphetamines (like speed).
THE RECREATIONAL DRUGS
The common drugs of recreational use in India continue to be plant based drugs such as cannabis (in the form of marijuana, a cannabis herb, and hashish, a cannabis resin), opiates (opium and heroin), and cocaine, a coca derivative. ``Heroin is particularly a favourite,`` says Hemraj Pal, assistant professor at the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) in New Delhi. Pal practises at the AIIMS de-addiction centre. ``Epidemiological surveys show that polydrug abuse too is common,`` he adds.
Most recreational drug users are male, between 21 and 30 years old, low education levels, employed and married, according to a recent study titled Illegal Drug Market in Delhi, sponsored by the Vienna-based United Nations Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention (UNDCP) and the Turin-based United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute.
Designer drugs such as Ecstasy are fast becoming a favourite among recreational drug users, or abusers, in the US and Europe. The drug was seized in small quantities in Goa and Himachal Pradesh (Kullu-Manali) recently. Earlier, amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) were seized in Manipur, Karnataka and Uttar Pradesh in much larger quantities. Recreational drug users in India are also catching up on other synthetic drugs such as benzodiazepines, buprenorphine, anti-histamines and codeine-based cough syrups.
Intravenous drugs are particularly popular in northeast India and the metropolises. Especially in Manipur, Nagaland and Mizoram, recreational drug users are switching from taking heroin to injecting synthetic opioids, such as Spasmoproxyvon and Proxyvon.
These observations more or less confirm the conclusions derived from the analysis of the records of 2,50,000 people, who were registered with NGO-run drug treatment centres in 1998-99. Forty per cent of those registered for de-addiction were alcohol dependent, and many combined alcohol with other recreational drugs, says UNDCP.
THE INCIDENCE
Almost all of India`s drug addicts are aged between 15 and 35, according to the human resources ministry estimates. Various estimates put the figure of total drug addicts in India at 10 million.
``Delhi has around 35,000 hard core drug addicts and their daily consumption of heroin would be about 3 kg. The rest is smuggled out of the country,`` says a senior police officer.
Whether drugs are plant based or synthetic, recreational use of most of them is on the rise. ``The abuse of licitly manufactured narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, in particular codeine based cough syrups and benzodiazepines, appears to have increased in India,`` notes the report for 2000 of the International Narcotics Control Board.
Estimates for the northeastern states are particularly alarming. The number of recreational drug users is estimated to be about 50,000 (34,500 intravenous) in Manipur, 24,700 in Nagaland and 13,800 (3,000 intravenous) in Mizoram, says UNDCP.
It`s not only the numbers in the region that are worrisome, but also the nature of the use, which has serious consequences in the form of spread of hepatitis and HIV/AIDS. While screening of intravenous drug users (IDUs) for HIV between 1986 and 1989 did not show any infections, the tests between 1989 and 1990 showed 54.2 per cent of the respondents (out of a sample of 1,412) were infected with HIV. The percentage only grew in subsequent sero-surveillance tests between 1991 and 1993, with 64-73 per cent of IDUs testing HIV positive. Later studies had more alarming results. A 1996 study conducted among IDUs in Chrachandpur revealed a high incidence of Hepatitis B (43.83 per cent) and Hepatitis C (98 per cent), along with HIV infection (78.64 per cent), notes UNDCP.
``The reasons for the new trend include easy availability of psychotropic drugs over the counter and their low prices,`` explains Rajat Ray, of AIIMS, who has worked extensively on recreational drug use.
INDIA, A TRANSIT COUNTRY, ALSO A DESTINATION
India is the largest producer of licit poppy, though its cultivation is limited to three states: Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. While the Central Bureau of Narcotics licenses and regulates licit opium cultivation in India, it`s suspected that some of the produce gets into illicit channels. India is also the sole producer of opium gum in the world. Opium gum is the source of alkaloids such as thebane and codeine.
More importantly, India is located between Southeast Asia (the Golden Triangle) and Southwest Asia (the Golden Crescent). Between them, the two blocks are estimated to produce 90 per cent of the world`s illicit opium. Since India shares long borders with Pakistan in the northwest, Myanmar in the northeast, Bangladesh in the east, and Nepal in the north -- and even Sri Lanka is a mere 40 miles from southern India -- traffickers find it easy to smuggle drugs into and through India.
``India is not only a transit country, but also a destination,`` says Karan K Sharma, deputy director with the Narcotics Control Board. The INCB report too adds: ``While India has traditionally been used as a transit country by smugglers of southwest Asian heroin, during the past year, a number of makeshift clandestine heroin laboratories have been detected and destroyed in the country. The illicitly manufactured heroin might have been intended for use within India as there is widespread heroin abuse in the country.``
It`s not only one-way smuggling into India. Smuggling of licit as well as illicit drugs out of the country is also well established. The INCB report points out: ``Licitly manufactured psychotropic substances, mainly diazepam and nitrazepam, continue to be smuggled out of India, not only into Nepal, but also into the Russian federation and countries in central Asia.``
Similarly, methaqualone (mandrax) tablets of Indian origin have been seized in South Africa. This despite the fact that there has been a substantial decline in the manufacture of mandrax in the wake of the dismantling of illicit manufacturing facilities, adds the INCB report.
Besides, precursor chemicals manufactured legally for export to pharmaceutical companies worldwide too are suspected to be getting into illicit channels, even across borders into Myanmar and Pakistan. There have been particularly large seizures of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine along the common border between India and Myanmar. India is a licit manufacturer of 15 precursor chemicals, including acetic anhydride, ephedrine, pseudo-ephedrine, anthra-nilic acid and n-acetylanthranilic acid.
This despite the fact that the Indian authorities have progressively strengthened their control system for precursors by establishing a number of legislative and administrative provisions to prevent diversion of controlled chemicals from both international trade and domestic distribution channels, notes the INCB report. Evidently, the drug monitoring and regulation mechanism too needs a pep pill.
AVAILABILITY
The seedy hotels of Paharganj area in New Delhi are crawling with foreigners who sell these drugs, which are either brought in by them or couriered to them. An Ecstasy pill can cost between Rs 500 and Rs 1,200, whereas cocaine costs between Rs 3,000 and Rs 5,000 a gram, depending on the quality. A strip of acid in Paharganj costs Rs 500. Unlike heroin and smack that are depressants, Ecstasy and cocaince are stimulants of choice at dance parties and for mood enhancement.
According to a senior police official, ``In the rural enclaves of the city, drug users are experimenting with stimulants that are even more lethal. Sniffing petrol from the fuel tanks of vehicles or inhaling perfumes by dousing cotton or cloth is quite common among users who cannot afford the high-priced drugs.``
DRUMZ,just the spot you want to be in action.I tell you you can live at 1/5 the price & you Dont even have to invent a ganja snorting beef eating ,free SE *S espousing religion to go .Go to delhi & enjoy .in case u didnt get ,its called real Manu Smiriti hinduism .youll it in.
SIDDHARTH SRIVASTAVA
TIMES NEWS NETWORK
EW DELHI: The arrest of hotelier Niraj Wadhera has re-emphasized that the drug scene in India is alive and kicking. While the lust for a high fuels the demand for drugs, greed for big bucks drives the supply.
The impact is multi-dimensional, though. Notes World Drug Report 2000: ``The drug problem has even broader implications for the spread of infectious diseases, corruption and financing of insurgents or terrorist groups.``
DOWNSIDE OF A HIGH
Everybody who does drugs knows the ``crash`` (after the high) can be a terrible thing. But not many realise that these new synthesised chemicals that make you race with raw energy often lead to bad highs (also called bum trips) that can totally psyche you up.
Nobody can put a finger on why bad trips happen. There can be a number of factors: overdosing without knowing it, cocktailing with alcohol or other drugs, adulteration with cheaper substances like chalk and baking soda, or even the emotional state while administering the drug. Says Dr Sanjay Chugh, who runs a de-addiction clinic in south Delhi: ``Very often I get frantic calls from people who can`t close their mouths, people who are seeing horrible visions, or people who have become deeply restless and anxious.`` The only thing to do then is perhaps administer some anti-psychotic drugs and ride out the effects by speaking to the person in a calm, reassuring voice.
It varies, but generally acid gives the worst trips, followed by ecstasy and then cocaine. Ecstasy, much like acid, has psychiatric effects that can lead to depression. Cocaine, on the other hand, usually becomes a bad trip when you overdose on it, or when it is mixed with drugs like methamphetamines (like speed).
THE RECREATIONAL DRUGS
The common drugs of recreational use in India continue to be plant based drugs such as cannabis (in the form of marijuana, a cannabis herb, and hashish, a cannabis resin), opiates (opium and heroin), and cocaine, a coca derivative. ``Heroin is particularly a favourite,`` says Hemraj Pal, assistant professor at the All-India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) in New Delhi. Pal practises at the AIIMS de-addiction centre. ``Epidemiological surveys show that polydrug abuse too is common,`` he adds.
Most recreational drug users are male, between 21 and 30 years old, low education levels, employed and married, according to a recent study titled Illegal Drug Market in Delhi, sponsored by the Vienna-based United Nations Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention (UNDCP) and the Turin-based United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute.
Designer drugs such as Ecstasy are fast becoming a favourite among recreational drug users, or abusers, in the US and Europe. The drug was seized in small quantities in Goa and Himachal Pradesh (Kullu-Manali) recently. Earlier, amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) were seized in Manipur, Karnataka and Uttar Pradesh in much larger quantities. Recreational drug users in India are also catching up on other synthetic drugs such as benzodiazepines, buprenorphine, anti-histamines and codeine-based cough syrups.
Intravenous drugs are particularly popular in northeast India and the metropolises. Especially in Manipur, Nagaland and Mizoram, recreational drug users are switching from taking heroin to injecting synthetic opioids, such as Spasmoproxyvon and Proxyvon.
These observations more or less confirm the conclusions derived from the analysis of the records of 2,50,000 people, who were registered with NGO-run drug treatment centres in 1998-99. Forty per cent of those registered for de-addiction were alcohol dependent, and many combined alcohol with other recreational drugs, says UNDCP.
THE INCIDENCE
Almost all of India`s drug addicts are aged between 15 and 35, according to the human resources ministry estimates. Various estimates put the figure of total drug addicts in India at 10 million.
``Delhi has around 35,000 hard core drug addicts and their daily consumption of heroin would be about 3 kg. The rest is smuggled out of the country,`` says a senior police officer.
Whether drugs are plant based or synthetic, recreational use of most of them is on the rise. ``The abuse of licitly manufactured narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, in particular codeine based cough syrups and benzodiazepines, appears to have increased in India,`` notes the report for 2000 of the International Narcotics Control Board.
Estimates for the northeastern states are particularly alarming. The number of recreational drug users is estimated to be about 50,000 (34,500 intravenous) in Manipur, 24,700 in Nagaland and 13,800 (3,000 intravenous) in Mizoram, says UNDCP.
It`s not only the numbers in the region that are worrisome, but also the nature of the use, which has serious consequences in the form of spread of hepatitis and HIV/AIDS. While screening of intravenous drug users (IDUs) for HIV between 1986 and 1989 did not show any infections, the tests between 1989 and 1990 showed 54.2 per cent of the respondents (out of a sample of 1,412) were infected with HIV. The percentage only grew in subsequent sero-surveillance tests between 1991 and 1993, with 64-73 per cent of IDUs testing HIV positive. Later studies had more alarming results. A 1996 study conducted among IDUs in Chrachandpur revealed a high incidence of Hepatitis B (43.83 per cent) and Hepatitis C (98 per cent), along with HIV infection (78.64 per cent), notes UNDCP.
``The reasons for the new trend include easy availability of psychotropic drugs over the counter and their low prices,`` explains Rajat Ray, of AIIMS, who has worked extensively on recreational drug use.
INDIA, A TRANSIT COUNTRY, ALSO A DESTINATION
India is the largest producer of licit poppy, though its cultivation is limited to three states: Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. While the Central Bureau of Narcotics licenses and regulates licit opium cultivation in India, it`s suspected that some of the produce gets into illicit channels. India is also the sole producer of opium gum in the world. Opium gum is the source of alkaloids such as thebane and codeine.
More importantly, India is located between Southeast Asia (the Golden Triangle) and Southwest Asia (the Golden Crescent). Between them, the two blocks are estimated to produce 90 per cent of the world`s illicit opium. Since India shares long borders with Pakistan in the northwest, Myanmar in the northeast, Bangladesh in the east, and Nepal in the north -- and even Sri Lanka is a mere 40 miles from southern India -- traffickers find it easy to smuggle drugs into and through India.
``India is not only a transit country, but also a destination,`` says Karan K Sharma, deputy director with the Narcotics Control Board. The INCB report too adds: ``While India has traditionally been used as a transit country by smugglers of southwest Asian heroin, during the past year, a number of makeshift clandestine heroin laboratories have been detected and destroyed in the country. The illicitly manufactured heroin might have been intended for use within India as there is widespread heroin abuse in the country.``
It`s not only one-way smuggling into India. Smuggling of licit as well as illicit drugs out of the country is also well established. The INCB report points out: ``Licitly manufactured psychotropic substances, mainly diazepam and nitrazepam, continue to be smuggled out of India, not only into Nepal, but also into the Russian federation and countries in central Asia.``
Similarly, methaqualone (mandrax) tablets of Indian origin have been seized in South Africa. This despite the fact that there has been a substantial decline in the manufacture of mandrax in the wake of the dismantling of illicit manufacturing facilities, adds the INCB report.
Besides, precursor chemicals manufactured legally for export to pharmaceutical companies worldwide too are suspected to be getting into illicit channels, even across borders into Myanmar and Pakistan. There have been particularly large seizures of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine along the common border between India and Myanmar. India is a licit manufacturer of 15 precursor chemicals, including acetic anhydride, ephedrine, pseudo-ephedrine, anthra-nilic acid and n-acetylanthranilic acid.
This despite the fact that the Indian authorities have progressively strengthened their control system for precursors by establishing a number of legislative and administrative provisions to prevent diversion of controlled chemicals from both international trade and domestic distribution channels, notes the INCB report. Evidently, the drug monitoring and regulation mechanism too needs a pep pill.
AVAILABILITY
The seedy hotels of Paharganj area in New Delhi are crawling with foreigners who sell these drugs, which are either brought in by them or couriered to them. An Ecstasy pill can cost between Rs 500 and Rs 1,200, whereas cocaine costs between Rs 3,000 and Rs 5,000 a gram, depending on the quality. A strip of acid in Paharganj costs Rs 500. Unlike heroin and smack that are depressants, Ecstasy and cocaince are stimulants of choice at dance parties and for mood enhancement.
According to a senior police official, ``In the rural enclaves of the city, drug users are experimenting with stimulants that are even more lethal. Sniffing petrol from the fuel tanks of vehicles or inhaling perfumes by dousing cotton or cloth is quite common among users who cannot afford the high-priced drugs.``
#82 Posted by Shah on September 11, 2001 12:44:44 am
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