Richa Pant January 20, 2003
#132 Posted by Pankaj on January 23, 2003 10:42:25 am
Tahmed ji
Devanagari is said to have evolved out of Brahmi script. The basic rules by which the alphabets are combined to write words have been retained in devanagari while the appearence of the alphabets has undergone a dramatic change. You can see the alphabets of the old Brahmi and Kharoshthi scripts and compare them against the modern Devanagari alphabets on the following site
http://www.ancientscripts.com/brahmi.html
Dont be surprised to find that a lot of brahmi and Kharoshthi alphabets look a lot like Latin alphabets and you can even find several signs of B/K resembling very closely to modern English alphabets. This is perhaps because Sanskrit, Greek, Old Persian, Latin etc all share their origins in a ``proto-Indo-European language``. It is fun to go through the above website and learn more about the ancient scripts and their alphabets. Try it out, you wont regret :-).
PS I dont think anybody knows the answer to your question whether Harappan script is realted to B/K. It is still an open question.
Devanagari is said to have evolved out of Brahmi script. The basic rules by which the alphabets are combined to write words have been retained in devanagari while the appearence of the alphabets has undergone a dramatic change. You can see the alphabets of the old Brahmi and Kharoshthi scripts and compare them against the modern Devanagari alphabets on the following site
http://www.ancientscripts.com/brahmi.html
Dont be surprised to find that a lot of brahmi and Kharoshthi alphabets look a lot like Latin alphabets and you can even find several signs of B/K resembling very closely to modern English alphabets. This is perhaps because Sanskrit, Greek, Old Persian, Latin etc all share their origins in a ``proto-Indo-European language``. It is fun to go through the above website and learn more about the ancient scripts and their alphabets. Try it out, you wont regret :-).
PS I dont think anybody knows the answer to your question whether Harappan script is realted to B/K. It is still an open question.
#133 Posted by khansahib on January 23, 2003 12:07:06 pm
RE: #125 by pmishra2 and Pankaj
You both are just BJP frontmen. You are moles from the India spreading wrong info about the Hindoo and their backward culture. The truth is that you hindoo brahmins are controling everything and making the lower people like banias and worker class do all the work. The brahmins are trying to takeover the india and they want to destroy Pakistan. Adwani is just a puppet of the BJP and vajpayee.
These RSS BJP are just like Hitler. They want to dominate and kill the anybody who does not want to support them. That is why we are fighting to liberate India so that true Muslim rule can be established. Our Saudi brothers will help us as as we are so close to their way of thinking. We should have our own industries and not support or trade with the West and US. Soon we will be able to suffocate them and spread Islam everywhere in the world.
So you both and those Pakistani tratiors and BJP supporters (tahmed231 and rsridhar, etc) watch out. You will soon be finished. Stop spreading wrong information about Muslims. We were rulers before and we will be afterwards. Right now we are liberators!! So others of you please suport us in out cause. Support all madrasas in Pakistan/Afghanistan and all Muslim brothers. Allah the most benevolent will take care of you. You donations will give you a millionn times return if you support us. You will also get a place in heaven with many other facilities there!!
You both are just BJP frontmen. You are moles from the India spreading wrong info about the Hindoo and their backward culture. The truth is that you hindoo brahmins are controling everything and making the lower people like banias and worker class do all the work. The brahmins are trying to takeover the india and they want to destroy Pakistan. Adwani is just a puppet of the BJP and vajpayee.
These RSS BJP are just like Hitler. They want to dominate and kill the anybody who does not want to support them. That is why we are fighting to liberate India so that true Muslim rule can be established. Our Saudi brothers will help us as as we are so close to their way of thinking. We should have our own industries and not support or trade with the West and US. Soon we will be able to suffocate them and spread Islam everywhere in the world.
So you both and those Pakistani tratiors and BJP supporters (tahmed231 and rsridhar, etc) watch out. You will soon be finished. Stop spreading wrong information about Muslims. We were rulers before and we will be afterwards. Right now we are liberators!! So others of you please suport us in out cause. Support all madrasas in Pakistan/Afghanistan and all Muslim brothers. Allah the most benevolent will take care of you. You donations will give you a millionn times return if you support us. You will also get a place in heaven with many other facilities there!!
#134 Posted by stuka on January 23, 2003 12:13:36 pm
Ali:
As far as time is concerned, have the past 1300 years not been enough??
As far as time is concerned, have the past 1300 years not been enough??
#135 Posted by stuka on January 23, 2003 12:13:36 pm
Ali87:
``My my actually equality of treatment!!!
How dare they!!! ``
Idiot, he is talking of equal demographic weightage, not equality in terms of rights.
``My my actually equality of treatment!!!
How dare they!!! ``
Idiot, he is talking of equal demographic weightage, not equality in terms of rights.
#136 Posted by Ralph on January 23, 2003 1:02:56 pm
Stuka #135
Everyone knows that past 1300 years have been a waste. Now since Ali87 is here, Caliphate will be restored and all others will again serve their Moslem masters. Don`t you know that besides describing how atomic bombs can be manufactured, Quran predicts the birth of another prophet after 1300 years? It even says that this prophet will be weak in the head. LOL
His equality means Moslems running every place in medieval Islamic manner whether they are in majority or in minority. Not ruling over others is very painful to his weak psyche.
Christians should be given equal number of seats as Hindus in India, Chinese should be given the same number of seats as Caucasians in US House of Representatives, Shias should get the same number of seats as Sunnees in Pakistan. Unless that happens Ali87 and his ilk can not be loyal to their country.
That is what TNT was. Since that wisdom is dying in Pakistan, ali87 has decided to keep it alive. Caliphate is at hand. ;)
Everyone knows that past 1300 years have been a waste. Now since Ali87 is here, Caliphate will be restored and all others will again serve their Moslem masters. Don`t you know that besides describing how atomic bombs can be manufactured, Quran predicts the birth of another prophet after 1300 years? It even says that this prophet will be weak in the head. LOL
His equality means Moslems running every place in medieval Islamic manner whether they are in majority or in minority. Not ruling over others is very painful to his weak psyche.
Christians should be given equal number of seats as Hindus in India, Chinese should be given the same number of seats as Caucasians in US House of Representatives, Shias should get the same number of seats as Sunnees in Pakistan. Unless that happens Ali87 and his ilk can not be loyal to their country.
That is what TNT was. Since that wisdom is dying in Pakistan, ali87 has decided to keep it alive. Caliphate is at hand. ;)
#137 Posted by arjun_m on January 23, 2003 1:02:56 pm
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#138 Posted by arjun_m on January 23, 2003 1:02:56 pm
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#139 Posted by Ralph on January 23, 2003 5:40:01 pm
arjun_m #137
>(shouldn`t the 72 boys be in catholic priest heaven).
I take strong exception to that. Some of us are not Talibanis ;)
>(shouldn`t the 72 boys be in catholic priest heaven).
I take strong exception to that. Some of us are not Talibanis ;)
#140 Posted by pmishra2 on January 23, 2003 7:28:05 pm
#128 ali87
It is a good symbol of your mental confusion that you are attacking a portion of an article taken from a columnist in the Pakistani paper http://www.jang.com.pk. You believe his views represent the RSS??
I am sure he would be very amused (maybe not, maybe it would be worse).
I advise you to read messages CAREFULLY before you respond to them. All you are doing is proving your incoherence.
BTW, as you find the hindu fascination for cows so bizarre, I hope you and your family dine regularly pork. And if not, why not? What is the difference between one irrational set of food rules vs. another??
It is a good symbol of your mental confusion that you are attacking a portion of an article taken from a columnist in the Pakistani paper http://www.jang.com.pk. You believe his views represent the RSS??
I am sure he would be very amused (maybe not, maybe it would be worse).
I advise you to read messages CAREFULLY before you respond to them. All you are doing is proving your incoherence.
BTW, as you find the hindu fascination for cows so bizarre, I hope you and your family dine regularly pork. And if not, why not? What is the difference between one irrational set of food rules vs. another??
#141 Posted by nasah on January 23, 2003 9:56:04 pm
SR -- 4 u
````(Jan. 23) - The public is skeptical about whether President Bush`s new economic stimulus plan will do much to help growth in the economy, according to a new poll.
Only a third, 35 percent, say they expect the stimulus plan will be fairly effective or very effective at helping the economy.
Several other recent polls have shown Bush`s job approval slipping into the 50s. Fewer than half support his handling of the economy, 44 percent, and about half supported his handling of foreign policy, 51 percent.
About a third, 32 percent, said their opinion of Bush`s performance has gotten worse in recent months, while 14 percent said it has gotten better
Several other recent polls have shown Bush`s job approval slipping into the 50s. Fewer than half support his handling of the economy, 44 percent, and about half supported his handling of foreign policy, 51 percent.
John Kerry, D-Mass., a presidential candidate, said in a speech at Georgetown University, ``The Bush administration`s blustering unilateralism is wrong, even dangerous, for our country.``
``In practice, it has meant alienating our longtime friends and allies, alarming potential foes and spreading anti-Americanism around the world.``
Sen. Chuck Hagel, R-Neb., called on the Bush administration to tone down its rhetoric.
Hagel, in a telephone news conference from Omaha, criticized Rumsfeld for characterizing Germany and France as ``old Europe`` and said the United States needs to assure the world its leadership is patient, responsible and wise.````(AP)
``United States needs to assure the world its leadership is patient, responsible and wise``? -- u must be kidding Senator Hagel
-- certainly a Taaaall order --
for -- a Crappy Crowd of -- ex-draft-dodgers --jilted-saddam lovers -- crooked-hearted oily dippin -- cocaine-sniffin -- hard-drinkin -- big C scorin -- War Cacklin -- Chicken Hawks -- those -- nuke Twirlin -- Twits -- from Two feeT Tall -- Texas.
````(Jan. 23) - The public is skeptical about whether President Bush`s new economic stimulus plan will do much to help growth in the economy, according to a new poll.
Only a third, 35 percent, say they expect the stimulus plan will be fairly effective or very effective at helping the economy.
Several other recent polls have shown Bush`s job approval slipping into the 50s. Fewer than half support his handling of the economy, 44 percent, and about half supported his handling of foreign policy, 51 percent.
About a third, 32 percent, said their opinion of Bush`s performance has gotten worse in recent months, while 14 percent said it has gotten better
Several other recent polls have shown Bush`s job approval slipping into the 50s. Fewer than half support his handling of the economy, 44 percent, and about half supported his handling of foreign policy, 51 percent.
John Kerry, D-Mass., a presidential candidate, said in a speech at Georgetown University, ``The Bush administration`s blustering unilateralism is wrong, even dangerous, for our country.``
``In practice, it has meant alienating our longtime friends and allies, alarming potential foes and spreading anti-Americanism around the world.``
Sen. Chuck Hagel, R-Neb., called on the Bush administration to tone down its rhetoric.
Hagel, in a telephone news conference from Omaha, criticized Rumsfeld for characterizing Germany and France as ``old Europe`` and said the United States needs to assure the world its leadership is patient, responsible and wise.````(AP)
``United States needs to assure the world its leadership is patient, responsible and wise``? -- u must be kidding Senator Hagel
-- certainly a Taaaall order --
for -- a Crappy Crowd of -- ex-draft-dodgers --jilted-saddam lovers -- crooked-hearted oily dippin -- cocaine-sniffin -- hard-drinkin -- big C scorin -- War Cacklin -- Chicken Hawks -- those -- nuke Twirlin -- Twits -- from Two feeT Tall -- Texas.
#144 Posted by stuka on January 24, 2003 6:57:46 am
American Express:
Please tell me any point of time in the past 1300 years when there was no intra Islamic violence.
Otherwise shut up.
Please tell me any point of time in the past 1300 years when there was no intra Islamic violence.
Otherwise shut up.
#145 Posted by arjun_m on January 24, 2003 7:05:23 am
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#146 Posted by arjun_m on January 24, 2003 7:05:23 am
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#147 Posted by arjun_m on January 24, 2003 7:17:26 am
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#148 Posted by ferozk on January 24, 2003 8:25:55 am
Re: nasah
What is the ground reality of the opposition in the United States? Is there a well defined dissent or simply a chorus of disapproval? What is the opinion of the American public...the real silent opinion? Is this a valid perception of the situation in United States that the Bush administration is desperate, politically?
Any considered reply would be welcome!
Ciao
What is the ground reality of the opposition in the United States? Is there a well defined dissent or simply a chorus of disapproval? What is the opinion of the American public...the real silent opinion? Is this a valid perception of the situation in United States that the Bush administration is desperate, politically?
Any considered reply would be welcome!
Ciao
#149 Posted by pmishra2 on January 24, 2003 8:25:55 am
#147 arjun_m
For me, many of the events that have transpired between India and Pakistan were explained by the following article from Wednesdays issue of Jang. It also explains to me certain attitudes of Pakistanis and Pakistani culture in general. Of course, indian actions should also be governed by self-knowledge (e.g., moving beyong historical hindu-muslim acrimony, making remarks and carrying out actions that diminish distinctiveness of Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal or present them as irrelevant etc.).
BTW, the most amusing part here is that our friend ali87 believes that this article is written by a member of the RSS. Talk about being trapped by ones prejudices....
People to be the priority
M B Naqvi
The writer is a well-known
journalist and freelance columnist
mbnaqvi@cyber.net.pk
-----------------------------------------------
PLAIN WORDS
A paradigm change in Pakistan`s foreign policy has to be anchored in national purposes. Hitherto the main national purpose was to wrest Kashmir from Indian control. Reflecting national priorities the budget structure gave overarching priority to somehow pay for the military that was required to wrest Kashmir from India. India`s larger resources have ensured Pakistan`s growing inferiority in conventional military strength. By 1971 everyone could see -- and Islamabad tacitly admitted -- that another conventional war would mean defeat.
Post-1971 situation in 1972 demanded a new way of tackling the Kashmir problem. It was required to accept that Pakistan could not snatch Kashmir. Or Kashmir problem could only be solved by non-military means. At any rate, Pakistan`s imperialistic design of acquiring the entire Kashmir State was unrealistic. What could still work was to let Kashmiris struggle to shape their own future or Azadi. Main struggle was to be then between Indians and Kashmiris, with Pakistan having no active role.
That did not happen. Z A Bhutto stuck to old concepts and purposes. Pakistan tried to compensate for its inferiority in armaments by secretly developing nuclear capability. Formally, by signing the Simla Agreement he had effectively shelved the Kashmir problem. Pakistan stayed quiet for 18 years. Perhaps the Indians got wind of Pakistan`s nuclear programme from Americans and carried out their first nuclear test in 1974. Pakistanis swallowed it, exhibiting no particular alarm. Pakistan announced a breakthrough in 1984 and tension with India mounted. India warned Pakistan through the Brass Tacks exercise. Pakistanis thought India will invade. In the winter of 1986-87 Pakistan threatened to use its Bomb if the Indians crossed into Pakistan.
For a decade Pakistan succeeded in neutralising India`s conventional superiority. They became gung ho about nuclear weapons. The Indians did pipe down and remained quiet till 2002, when they threatened war against Pakistan`s abetting of Jihadis. Confident behind the nuclear shield, Pakistan started a proxy war to help Kashmiris` struggle by arming and training them. Pakistan`s precise aims could be inferred. At first the idea was to tire out the Indian Army by a constant haemorrhage in Kashmir and Pakistan Army would then inflict a coup de grace. Later it shifted to just keeping the Indian Army pinned down -- thereby making Pakistan secure.
Indian Army disregarded its own and Kashmiris losses. It was clear by 1998 that India resigned to a long proxy war and did not mind the price. It cost over the 1990s` decade 60,000 to 70,000 Kashmiri lives. And it was Pakistanis who felt the resource crunch: they had to run two arms races: conventional and nuclear. The nuclear race, once mutual deterrence is achieved, requires an expensive command and control system, constant technological updating of all equipment and a whole new conventional arms race. Pakistan went bankrupt by Dec`98. Reeling under western sanctions, only the sequel to 9/11 has buoyed up the economy by cash injections and debt rescheduling. It is a temporary relief.
Matters came to a head in 2002. India threatened war if Pakistan does not stop the ``cross border terrorism``, with all major powers echoing it. President Musharraf blinked and in his June speech agreed to the demand. Although the Jihad has not ended, both Indians and foreigners have realised that there are limits to what Musharraf can do; there are other powerful forces that can defy him and have. Hence the withdrawal of Indian Army October last year.
Two conclusions emerge: the Jihadist Kashmir policy has failed and has imperilled Pakistan. Kashmiris are as far from Azadi as ever and Indian hold on Kashmir is as firm as ever. Kashmiris realise Pakistan cannot go on sustaining Jihad and time has come to wind it down. Pakistanis had bankrupted themselves for a policy that eventually forced Pakistan to choose between a pointless proxy war and fighting a nuclear war that neither side will win. It is not a sane choice. The Kashmir policy is senseless.
This policy was the logical culmination of policies based on inherited assumptions and attitudes -- the characteristics of Muslim separatism -- that were about identity and self-image. Historically the majority of Muslims, originally low-caste Hindus, affected a superiority complex, especially in Northern India. They feared being falling down into the vast assimilative sea of Hindudom surrounding them wherein they will be at the bottom of social heap. May be they would be punished for former uppishness and for real or imagined wrongs. That explained their demonstrative adherence to Islam, which is what distinguished them from Hindus. Their religious exhibitionism and a superiority complex led to emphases on differences with Hindus and regarding themselves as rulers` kith and kin deserving privileges and safeguards -- the leitmotif of pre-independence Indian Muslim politics.
Others` refusal to accept Muslims demands, calculated to preserve imagined privileges, angered them and an adversarial attitude vis-a-vis Hindus developed. Muslims thus demanded weightage -- actually equality of treatment with Hindus -- reservations and separate electorate. These came from, and strengthened, two traits: first, not to accept democracy`s implications, especially the equality with Hindus. The second was to depend on a ruling or hegemonic power to get them their due. Pakistan politics has actually reflected these traits: democracy soon collapsed and a new ruling elite, civil and military bureaucracy, continues to usurp power. The second trait of depending on the US to keeping India (Hindus) in check gave an illusion of equality. This dependency syndrome that produced the ever readiness to hitch Pakistan`s wagon to the American star survives.
Last October`s election and this January`s bye-elections have damaged the Pakistan-American relations. Americans too have taken note that MMA`s rise is directly related to their own unpopularity, especially in NWFP and Balochistan. It is growing elsewhere too. Pakistan has thus to somehow work out a new and more equation with US, without forgetting the existing vulnerabilities.
Pakistanis have to cut the umbilical chord with the Indians and start behaving as a separate and independent nation by treating India as another country. Remember there are no free lunches. Other nation states, including the US, have no obligation toward Pakistan vis-a-vis India and see India as a rising power and an attractive market thanks to its size and state of development. It can also be a useful strategic partner to great powers. No power will prefer Pakistan at the expense of India. Pakistan can never run an arms race with India with others` aid.
Pakistan can do something about India`s attractiveness: to develop itself. That is blocked by military`s control over politics. In a military-run Pakistan cannot make on development, especially human development, the top priority. It will never understand that national strength cannot be borrowed; it has to be developed. Only the people can make Pakistan strong, not the Army. Defence preparedness, not backed by domestic economic strength, is sure to be inadequate and brittle.
Other policies follow. Kashmir is for Kashmiris and they have to make their destiny themselves; Pakistan has no locus standi. That releases Pakistan from illusions. Let Pakistanis forget the pre-natal quarrels with the Hindu-domination and work out a new normal relationship with India. Pakistanis and Indians should be cooperative friends. Both can profit from free trade, economic cooperation, cultural exchanges and a regional framework of economic development that Saarc could become but is not. An eventual (political) entente should be the aim.
Things will become easier for all if only they can counteract the mischief that nuclear weapons by their very presence do. So long as Pakistani nukes exist no Indian government can trust Pakistan and similarly the Indian Bomb`s presence automatically negates India`s good intentions. Pakistani Bomb has not helped Pakistanis get either Kashmir or security; Indians were threatening to wipe out Pakistan no matter what its capability. The Bomb has not enhanced India`s stature; no one respects it as much as in Nehru`s days. Both are finally deadlocked with only one exit.
Nuclear Restraint and Nuclear Safe South Asia are vacuous schemes, mostly hot air; there have no relevance to India and Pakistan, with their present mental baggage. Peaceful ties require basic trust in each other`s intentions, which is absent. The only way out is through simultaneous and mutually verifiable nuclear disarmament. Only a Nuclear Weapons Free South Asia makes sense.
If free of Jihad commitment, Pakistan can give India MFN status, open up, start implementing SAPTA and SAFTA agreements, sign a non-aggression pact, engage in cultural exchanges, restore communications, dramatically relax visa restrictions and make Saarc a vital and vigorously growing reality. With these the stature of both will dramatically rise an
For me, many of the events that have transpired between India and Pakistan were explained by the following article from Wednesdays issue of Jang. It also explains to me certain attitudes of Pakistanis and Pakistani culture in general. Of course, indian actions should also be governed by self-knowledge (e.g., moving beyong historical hindu-muslim acrimony, making remarks and carrying out actions that diminish distinctiveness of Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal or present them as irrelevant etc.).
BTW, the most amusing part here is that our friend ali87 believes that this article is written by a member of the RSS. Talk about being trapped by ones prejudices....
People to be the priority
M B Naqvi
The writer is a well-known
journalist and freelance columnist
mbnaqvi@cyber.net.pk
-----------------------------------------------
PLAIN WORDS
A paradigm change in Pakistan`s foreign policy has to be anchored in national purposes. Hitherto the main national purpose was to wrest Kashmir from Indian control. Reflecting national priorities the budget structure gave overarching priority to somehow pay for the military that was required to wrest Kashmir from India. India`s larger resources have ensured Pakistan`s growing inferiority in conventional military strength. By 1971 everyone could see -- and Islamabad tacitly admitted -- that another conventional war would mean defeat.
Post-1971 situation in 1972 demanded a new way of tackling the Kashmir problem. It was required to accept that Pakistan could not snatch Kashmir. Or Kashmir problem could only be solved by non-military means. At any rate, Pakistan`s imperialistic design of acquiring the entire Kashmir State was unrealistic. What could still work was to let Kashmiris struggle to shape their own future or Azadi. Main struggle was to be then between Indians and Kashmiris, with Pakistan having no active role.
That did not happen. Z A Bhutto stuck to old concepts and purposes. Pakistan tried to compensate for its inferiority in armaments by secretly developing nuclear capability. Formally, by signing the Simla Agreement he had effectively shelved the Kashmir problem. Pakistan stayed quiet for 18 years. Perhaps the Indians got wind of Pakistan`s nuclear programme from Americans and carried out their first nuclear test in 1974. Pakistanis swallowed it, exhibiting no particular alarm. Pakistan announced a breakthrough in 1984 and tension with India mounted. India warned Pakistan through the Brass Tacks exercise. Pakistanis thought India will invade. In the winter of 1986-87 Pakistan threatened to use its Bomb if the Indians crossed into Pakistan.
For a decade Pakistan succeeded in neutralising India`s conventional superiority. They became gung ho about nuclear weapons. The Indians did pipe down and remained quiet till 2002, when they threatened war against Pakistan`s abetting of Jihadis. Confident behind the nuclear shield, Pakistan started a proxy war to help Kashmiris` struggle by arming and training them. Pakistan`s precise aims could be inferred. At first the idea was to tire out the Indian Army by a constant haemorrhage in Kashmir and Pakistan Army would then inflict a coup de grace. Later it shifted to just keeping the Indian Army pinned down -- thereby making Pakistan secure.
Indian Army disregarded its own and Kashmiris losses. It was clear by 1998 that India resigned to a long proxy war and did not mind the price. It cost over the 1990s` decade 60,000 to 70,000 Kashmiri lives. And it was Pakistanis who felt the resource crunch: they had to run two arms races: conventional and nuclear. The nuclear race, once mutual deterrence is achieved, requires an expensive command and control system, constant technological updating of all equipment and a whole new conventional arms race. Pakistan went bankrupt by Dec`98. Reeling under western sanctions, only the sequel to 9/11 has buoyed up the economy by cash injections and debt rescheduling. It is a temporary relief.
Matters came to a head in 2002. India threatened war if Pakistan does not stop the ``cross border terrorism``, with all major powers echoing it. President Musharraf blinked and in his June speech agreed to the demand. Although the Jihad has not ended, both Indians and foreigners have realised that there are limits to what Musharraf can do; there are other powerful forces that can defy him and have. Hence the withdrawal of Indian Army October last year.
Two conclusions emerge: the Jihadist Kashmir policy has failed and has imperilled Pakistan. Kashmiris are as far from Azadi as ever and Indian hold on Kashmir is as firm as ever. Kashmiris realise Pakistan cannot go on sustaining Jihad and time has come to wind it down. Pakistanis had bankrupted themselves for a policy that eventually forced Pakistan to choose between a pointless proxy war and fighting a nuclear war that neither side will win. It is not a sane choice. The Kashmir policy is senseless.
This policy was the logical culmination of policies based on inherited assumptions and attitudes -- the characteristics of Muslim separatism -- that were about identity and self-image. Historically the majority of Muslims, originally low-caste Hindus, affected a superiority complex, especially in Northern India. They feared being falling down into the vast assimilative sea of Hindudom surrounding them wherein they will be at the bottom of social heap. May be they would be punished for former uppishness and for real or imagined wrongs. That explained their demonstrative adherence to Islam, which is what distinguished them from Hindus. Their religious exhibitionism and a superiority complex led to emphases on differences with Hindus and regarding themselves as rulers` kith and kin deserving privileges and safeguards -- the leitmotif of pre-independence Indian Muslim politics.
Others` refusal to accept Muslims demands, calculated to preserve imagined privileges, angered them and an adversarial attitude vis-a-vis Hindus developed. Muslims thus demanded weightage -- actually equality of treatment with Hindus -- reservations and separate electorate. These came from, and strengthened, two traits: first, not to accept democracy`s implications, especially the equality with Hindus. The second was to depend on a ruling or hegemonic power to get them their due. Pakistan politics has actually reflected these traits: democracy soon collapsed and a new ruling elite, civil and military bureaucracy, continues to usurp power. The second trait of depending on the US to keeping India (Hindus) in check gave an illusion of equality. This dependency syndrome that produced the ever readiness to hitch Pakistan`s wagon to the American star survives.
Last October`s election and this January`s bye-elections have damaged the Pakistan-American relations. Americans too have taken note that MMA`s rise is directly related to their own unpopularity, especially in NWFP and Balochistan. It is growing elsewhere too. Pakistan has thus to somehow work out a new and more equation with US, without forgetting the existing vulnerabilities.
Pakistanis have to cut the umbilical chord with the Indians and start behaving as a separate and independent nation by treating India as another country. Remember there are no free lunches. Other nation states, including the US, have no obligation toward Pakistan vis-a-vis India and see India as a rising power and an attractive market thanks to its size and state of development. It can also be a useful strategic partner to great powers. No power will prefer Pakistan at the expense of India. Pakistan can never run an arms race with India with others` aid.
Pakistan can do something about India`s attractiveness: to develop itself. That is blocked by military`s control over politics. In a military-run Pakistan cannot make on development, especially human development, the top priority. It will never understand that national strength cannot be borrowed; it has to be developed. Only the people can make Pakistan strong, not the Army. Defence preparedness, not backed by domestic economic strength, is sure to be inadequate and brittle.
Other policies follow. Kashmir is for Kashmiris and they have to make their destiny themselves; Pakistan has no locus standi. That releases Pakistan from illusions. Let Pakistanis forget the pre-natal quarrels with the Hindu-domination and work out a new normal relationship with India. Pakistanis and Indians should be cooperative friends. Both can profit from free trade, economic cooperation, cultural exchanges and a regional framework of economic development that Saarc could become but is not. An eventual (political) entente should be the aim.
Things will become easier for all if only they can counteract the mischief that nuclear weapons by their very presence do. So long as Pakistani nukes exist no Indian government can trust Pakistan and similarly the Indian Bomb`s presence automatically negates India`s good intentions. Pakistani Bomb has not helped Pakistanis get either Kashmir or security; Indians were threatening to wipe out Pakistan no matter what its capability. The Bomb has not enhanced India`s stature; no one respects it as much as in Nehru`s days. Both are finally deadlocked with only one exit.
Nuclear Restraint and Nuclear Safe South Asia are vacuous schemes, mostly hot air; there have no relevance to India and Pakistan, with their present mental baggage. Peaceful ties require basic trust in each other`s intentions, which is absent. The only way out is through simultaneous and mutually verifiable nuclear disarmament. Only a Nuclear Weapons Free South Asia makes sense.
If free of Jihad commitment, Pakistan can give India MFN status, open up, start implementing SAPTA and SAFTA agreements, sign a non-aggression pact, engage in cultural exchanges, restore communications, dramatically relax visa restrictions and make Saarc a vital and vigorously growing reality. With these the stature of both will dramatically rise an
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